Fire Safety Science Digital Archive

The purpose of this study is to investigate the properties of external flames ejected from an opening by conducting a small-scale fire test and to develop a method for predicting external flame properties taking into consideration the combustion o f excess fuel gas in the external flame. Findings from this study can be summarized as follows: 1. The critical heat release rate of extemal flame and the heat convected out by the airflow from an opening under conditions where external flaming occurs tend to increase with AH½. 2. Dimensionless values obtained by dividing the height of the average flame tip measured along the central axis of external flame by the representative length of the opening are approximately proportional to the two-third power of the dimensionless heat release rate. 3. A conection value ?z calculated from the dimensionless heat release rate, which is calculated from the lotal rate of heat release of flame ejected from an opening can be used to predict the temperature of external flame at its central axis, taking into consideration the heat release rate due to the combustion of excess fuel gas.